强调

？3个新的国家/地区（孟加拉国，阿尔巴尼亚和巴拉圭）在过去24小时内报告了COVID-19病例。

？世卫组织继续为萨摩亚和托克劳提供COVID-19的筹备工作。 更多信息可以在这里找到。

？世卫组织业务供应和后勤（OSL）继续支持COVID-19紧急行动，因为全球对关键物品的需求继续超过全球供应量。 自疫情爆发以来，OSL已向57个国家/地区运送了584,000多个外科口罩，47,000个N95口罩，620,000副手套，72,000件手术服和11,000副护目镜。

HIGHLIGHTS

？ 3 new countries/territories/areas (Bangladesh, Albania and Paraguay) have reported cases of COVID-19 in the past 24 hours.  

？ WHO continues to support Samoa and Tokelau with preparations for COVID-

19. More information can be found here.  

？ WHO Operations Supply and Logistics (OSL) continues to support COVID-19 emergency operations where global demand for critical items continues to outpace global supply availability. Since the beginning of the outbreak, OSL have shipped more than 584,000 surgical masks, 47,000 N95 masks, 620,000 gloves, 72,000 gowns and 11,000 goggles to 57 countries.

数字状况

最近24小时的新病例总数

全球范围

109577确认（3993新）

       3809死亡（225新）

中国

确认80904（45新）

    3123人死亡（23新）

中国以外

确认28673（3948新）

686死亡（202新增）

104个国家/地区/地区（新增3个）

世卫组织风险评估

中国很高

区域级别很高

全球水平很高

SITUATION IN NUMBERS  

total and new cases in last 24 hours

Globally  

109 577 confirmed (3993 new)

      3809 deaths (225 new)

China

80 904 confirmed (45 new)

   3123 deaths (23 new)  

Outside of China

28 673 confirmed (3948 new)     

686 deaths (202 new)      

104 countries/territories/areas (3 new)

WHO RISK ASSESSMENT

China Very High

Regional Level Very High

Global Level Very High

主题：运营供应和物流（OSL）

世卫组织业务供应和后勤（OSL）继续支持COVID-19紧急行动，因为全球对关键物品的需求继续超过全球供应。

世卫组织继续强调需要优先考虑一线医护人员的个人防护设备（PPE）用品。为了帮助提供物资，OSL和大流行供应链网络（PSCN）的合作伙伴已就确保捐赠的COVID-19应急物资全球仓储的机制达成协议。

OSL还与呼吸机和呼吸器设备制造商合作，以在COVID-19的背景下制定氧气治疗及相关设备的技术指南。

OSL与世界粮食计划署，联合国儿童基金会和世界银行一道，继续致力于建立一个供应链协调小组的提案，以支持联合国危机管理团队，并提供改进的信息和协调支持战略指导，业务决策和总体监控。

自疫情爆发以来，OSL已向57个国家/地区运送了584,000多个外科口罩，47,000个N95口罩，620,000副手套，72,000件手术服和11,000个护目镜。

OSL还向120多个国家/地区发送了实验室测试，以促进COVID-19测试，

OSL与迪拜的国际人道主义城市（IHC）合作，并与阿联酋政府提供的飞机一起，于3月2日组织了一次从迪拜飞往伊朗的航班，以支持首次提供紧急PPE和实验室测试。

与世卫组织卫生业务部门合作，目前正在完成一份重症监护病房评估表，以促进对重症监护病房的独立评估，并确定支持COVID-19应对活动的现有物资。

SUBJECT IN FOCUS: Operations Supply and Logistics (OSL)

WHO Operations Supply and Logistics (OSL) continues to support COVID-19 emergency operations where global demand for critical items continues to outpace global supply.  

WHO continues to highlight the need for prioritization of personal protective equipment (PPE) supplies for frontline healthcare workers.  To help make supplies available, OSL and partners in the Pandemic Supply Chain Network (PSCN) have agreed on mechanisms to secure global warehousing for donated COVID-19 emergency supplies.  

OSL are also working with ventilator and respirator equipment manufacturers to develop technical guidance for oxygen therapy and related equipment in the context of COVID-19.

Together with WFP, UNICEF and the World Bank, OSL continues to work on a proposal for a Supply Chain Coordination Cell to support the UN Crisis Management Team with improved information and coordination to support strategic guidance, operational decision-making, and overall monitoring.   

Since the beginning of the outbreak, OSL have shipped more than 584,000 surgical masks, 47,000 N95 masks, 620,000 gloves, 72,000 gowns and 11,000 goggles to 57 countries.

OSL have also shipped laboratory tests to more than 120 countries to facilitate COVID-19 testing,

In cooperation with the International Humanitarian City (IHC) in Dubai and with aircraft provided by the government of the UAE, OSL organized a flight from Dubai to Iran on March 2, to support the first delivery of emergency PPE and lab tests.

In collaboration with WHO Health Operations, an Intensive Care Unit-assessment form is being finalized in order to facilitate independent assessment of ICUs and identify existing supplies to support COVID-19 response activities.

战略目标

世卫组织对此作出反应的战略目标是：

？中断人与人之间的传播，包括减少亲密接触者和医护人员之间的继发感染，防止传播扩大事件以及防止进一步的国际传播*；

？尽早识别，隔离和护理患者，包括为感染患者提供最佳护理；

？查明并减少动物来源的传播；

？解决有关临床严重性，传播和感染程度，治疗选择的关键未知问题，并加快诊断，治疗和疫苗的开发；

？向所有社区传达重要的风险和事件信息，并消除错误信息；

？通过多部门伙伴关系最大程度地减少社会和经济影响。

*这可以通过结合公共卫生措施来实现，例如快速识别，诊断和管理病例，识别和跟踪联系人，在医疗机构中预防和控制感染，为旅行者实施健康措施，提高认识-人口增加和风险沟通。

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES

WHO’s strategic objectives for this response are to:

？ Interrupt human-to-human transmission including reducing secondary infections among close contacts and health care workers, preventing transmission amplification events, and preventing further international spread*;  

？ Identify, isolate and care for patients early, including providing optimized care for infected patients;

？ Identify and reduce transmission from the animal source;

？ Address crucial unknowns regarding clinical severity, extent of transmission and infection, treatment options, and accelerate the development of diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines;

？ Communicate critical risk and event information to all communities and counter misinformation;

？ Minimize social and economic impact through multisectoral partnerships.

*This can be achieved through a combination of public health measures, such as rapid identification, diagnosis and management of the cases, identification and follow up of the contacts, infection prevention and control in health care settings, implementation of health measures for travelers, awareness-raising in the population and risk communication.

准备和响应

？要查看有关COVID-19的所有技术指导文件，请访问此网页。

？世卫组织正在与国际航空运输协会（IATA）密切合作，并根据国家查询共同制定了一份指导文件，向机务人员和机场工作人员提供建议。该指南可以在IATA网页上找到。

？世卫组织已与报告病例的会员国保持定期和直接联系。世卫组织还向其他国家通报情况，并根据要求提供支持。

？？世卫组织针对新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）爆发，制定了实验室诊断临时指南、在家庭护理和医疗环境中使用口罩的建议、临床管理、医疗环境中的感染预防和控制、疑似新型冠状病毒患者的家庭护理、新型冠状病毒感染的风险沟通、社区参与和全球监测（2019-nCoV）。

？世卫组织正在与其研究人员和其他专家网络合作，以协调有关监测，流行病学，数学建模，诊断和病毒学，临床护理和治疗，感染预防和控制以及风险通报的全球工作。世卫组织已为各国发布了临时指南，并定期更新。

？世卫组织准备了疾病商品包，其中包括照顾2019-nCoV患者所需的生物医学设备，药品和用品的基本清单。

？世卫组织提出了减少从动物传播给人类的风险的建议。

？世卫组织已发布与新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV爆发有关的最新国际交通建议。

？世卫组织已经启动了研发蓝图，以加快诊断，疫苗和治疗的速度。

？世卫组织开发了有关以下主题的在线课程：对新兴呼吸道病毒的概述，包括新型冠状病毒（阿拉伯语，英语，法语，中文，西班牙语，葡萄牙语和俄语）；重症急性呼吸道感染的重症监护；以及呼吸系统疾病的健康和安全简介-ePROTECT（提供英语和法语）；新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）的感染预防和控制（提供英语和俄语）；重症监护严重急性呼吸道感染（提供英语和法语）；以及COVID-19运作计划指南和COVID-19合作伙伴平台，以支持国家的准备和响应。

？世卫组织正在为早期调查提供指导，这对于爆发新病毒至关重要。从协议中收集的数据可用于完善监测和病例定义的建议，表征COVID-19的主要流行病学传播特征，帮助了解疾病的传播，严重程度，疾病范围，对社区的影响并为以下人群提供操作模型实施对策，例如案例隔离，联系人跟踪和隔离。此处提供了几种协议：https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/early-investigations其中一种协议用于调查早期COVID-19病例和接触者（ “ 2019新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）感染的首批少数X（FFX）病例和联系调查协议”）。该协议旨在早日了解在任何一个国家中发现的首例COVID-19感染病例的关键临床，流行病学和病毒学特征，以指导制定和更新公共卫生指南以管理病例并减少潜在危害传播和感染的影响。

PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE

？ To view all technical guidance documents regarding COVID-19, please go to this webpage.

？ WHO is working closely with International Air Transport Association (IATA) and have jointly developed a guidance document to provide advice to cabin crew and airport workers, based on country queries. The guidance can be found on the IATA webpage.  

？ WHO has been in regular and direct contact with Member States where cases have been reported. WHO is also informing other countries about the situation and providing support as requested.

？ WHO has developed interim guidance for laboratory diagnosis, advice on the use of masks during home care and in health care settings in the context of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak, clinical management, infection prevention and control in health care settings, home care for patients with suspected novel coronavirus, risk communication and community engagement and Global Surveillance for human infection with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).

？ WHO is working with its networks of researchers and other experts to coordinate global work on surveillance, epidemiology, mathematical modelling, diagnostics and virology, clinical care and treatment, infection prevention and control, and risk communication. WHO has issued interim guidance for countries, which are updated regularly.

？ WHO has prepared a disease commodity package that includes an essential list of biomedical equipment, medicines and supplies necessary to care for patients with 2019-nCoV.  

？ WHO has provided recommendations to reduce risk of transmission from animals to humans.

？ WHO has published an updated advice for international traffic in relation to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV.

？ WHO has activated the R&D blueprint to accelerate diagnostics, vaccines, and therapeutics.

？ WHO has developed online courses on the following topics:  A general introduction to emerging respiratory viruses, including novel coronaviruses (available in Arabic, English, French, Chinese, Spanish, Portuguese, and Russian);  Critical Care of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections; and Health and safety briefing for respiratory diseases - ePROTECT (available in English and French); Infection Prevention and Control for Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) (available in English and Russian);  Critical Care Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (available in English and French); and COVID-19 Operational Planning Guidelines and COVID-19 Partners Platform to support country preparedness and response.

？ WHO is providing guidance on early investigations, which are critical in an outbreak of a new virus. The data collected from the protocols can be used to refine recommendations for surveillance and case definitions, to characterize the key epidemiological transmission features of COVID-19, help understand spread, severity, spectrum of disease, impact on the community and to inform operational models for implementation of countermeasures such as case isolation, contact tracing and isolation. Several protocols are available here: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/early-investigations  One such protocol is for the investigation of early COVID-19 cases and contacts (the “First Few X (FFX) Cases and contact investigation protocol for 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection”). The protocol is designed to gain an early understanding of the key clinical, epidemiological and virological characteristics of the first cases of COVID-19 infection detected in any individual country, to inform the development and updating of public health guidance to manage cases and reduce the potential spread and impact of infection.

对公众的建议

如果您不在COVID-19扩散的区域，或者没有从COVID-19扩散的区域旅行，或者未与受感染的患者接触，则感染的风险较低。您可能会对爆发感到焦虑，这是可以理解的。从可靠来源获取事实，以帮助您准确确定风险，以便采取合理的预防措施（请参阅常见问题）。向WHO，您的医疗保健提供者，您的国家公共卫生机构或您的雇主寻求指导，以获取有关COVID-19以及COVID-19是否在您居住的地方流通的准确信息。重要的是要了解情况并采取适当措施保护自己和家人（请参阅针对所有人的保护措施）。

如果您所在的地区有COVID-19病例，则需要认真对待感染的风险。遵循世界卫生组织的建议以及国家和地方卫生当局发布的指导。对于大多数人来说，COVID-19感染会引起轻度疾病，但它可能使某些人病重，甚至在某些人中可能致命。老年人和患有先前疾病（例如心血管疾病，慢性呼吸道疾病或糖尿病）的人有患严重疾病的风险（请参阅针对在或最近（过去14天）到COVID区域的人的保护措施-19正在传播）。

RECOMMENDATIONS AND ADVICE FOR THE PUBLIC

If you are not in an area where COVID-19 is spreading, or have not travelled from an area where COVID-19 is spreading, or have not been in contact with an infected patient, your risk of infection is low. It is understandable that you may feel anxious about the outbreak. Get the facts from reliable sources to help you accurately determine your risks so that you can take reasonable precautions (See Frequently Asked Questions). Seek guidance from WHO, your healthcare provider, your national public health authority or your employer for accurate information on COVID-19 and whether COVID-19 is circulating where you live. It is important to be informed of the situation and take appropriate measures to protect yourself and your family (see Protection measures for everyone).

If you are in an area where there are cases of COVID-19 you need to take the risk of infection seriously. Follow the advice of WHO and guidance issued by national and local health authorities. For most people, COVID-19 infection will cause mild illness however, it can make some people very ill and, in some people, it can be fatal. Older people, and those with pre-existing medical conditions (such as cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease or diabetes) are at risk for severe disease (See Protection measures for persons who are in or have recently visited (past 14 days) areas where COVID-19 is spreading).

病例定义

世卫组织定期更新《全球冠状病毒疾病感染监测》（COVID-19）文件，其中包括病例定义。

为便于参考，下面包括病例定义。

可疑病例

A.患有急性呼吸道疾病（发烧和至少一种呼吸系统疾病的症状/体征（如咳嗽、呼吸短促），并且没有其他病因能够完全解释这些临床表现以及症状出现前14天旅居过存在COVID-19疾病传播的国家或地区（请参阅情况报告）。

要么

B. 任何急性呼吸系统疾病的患者，在症状出现前14天内接触过COVID-19确诊病例或可疑病例（见接触定义）；

要么

C.患有严重急性呼吸道感染（发烧且至少有呼吸道疾病的一种征兆/症状（例如咳嗽，呼吸急促）且需要住院治疗且无其他病因可充分说明临床表现的患者。

可能的病例

对COVID-19进行测试的可疑病例尚无定论。

？实验室报告的测试结果不确定

确诊病例

不论临床症状和体征均经实验室确认为COVID-19感染的人。

实验室页面链接：https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus2019/technicalguidance/laboratory-guidance

CASE DEFINITIONS

WHO periodically updates the  Global Surveillance for human infection with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) document which includes case definitions.  

For easy reference, case definitions are included below.  

Suspect case

A. A patient with acute respiratory illness (fever and at least one sign/symptom of respiratory disease (e.g., cough, shortness of breath), AND with no other etiology that fully explains the clinical presentation AND a history of travel to or residence in a country/area or territory reporting local transmission (See situation report) of COVID-19 disease during the 14 days prior to symptom onset.

OR

B. A patient with any acute respiratory illness AND having been in contact with a confirmed or probable COVID-

19 case (see definition of contact) in the last 14 days prior to onset of symptoms;

OR

C. A patient with severe acute respiratory infection (fever and at least one sign/symptom of respiratory disease (e.g., cough, shortness breath) AND requiring hospitalization AND with no other etiology that fully explains the clinical presentation.

Probable case  

A suspect case for whom testing for COVID-19 is inconclusive.  

？ Inconclusive being the result of the test reported by the laboratory

Confirmed case  

A person with laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 infection, irrespective of clinical signs and symptoms.  

Link for lab page: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technicalguidance/laboratory-guidance  

图1. 2020年3月9日报告了确诊COVID-19病例的国家，地区或地区

图2.截至报告日期和世卫组织区域截至2020年3月9日在中国境外报告的确诊COVID-19病例的流行曲线（n = 28 674）

表1.中国各省，地区和城市报告的确诊和疑似COVID-19急性呼吸道疾病病例，截至2020年3月9日的数据

表2.报告了实验室确认的COVID-19病例和死亡的中国以外的国家，地区或地区。 截至2020年3月9日的数据

Figure 1. Countries, territories or areas with reported confirmed cases of COVID-19, 09 March 2020  

Figure 2. Epidemic curve of confirmed COVID-19 cases reported outside of China (n=28 674), by date of report and WHO region through 09 March 2020  

Table 1. Confirmed and suspected cases of COVID-19 acute respiratory disease reported by provinces, regions and cities in China, Data as of 09 March 2020

Table 2. Countries, territories or areas outside China with reported laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths. Data as of 09 March 2020